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• Regularly review and update your green manufacturing strategies based on performance
data and changing technologies.

Deloitte [7] studies the shift to sustainable global manufacturing by looking at five main areas
2
of impact. In these areas, greening and sustainability measures can generate measurable
positive effects on the value of production:

• Engineering field: any change at the product design stage will lead to a reduction in costs
and consumption
• The field of supply: improving the transfer of quality from the customer to the supplier,
through a superior ethical selection, as well as the transition from traditional to sustainable
or alternative materials, had positive contributions in reducing consumption and waste.
• The field of manufacturing: the harmonization of operational efficiency improved by
digitization with smart technologies and green energy will lead to activation of smart
factories.
• The field of transport: the reduction of emissions specific to transport equipment, together
with the rationalization of commercial routes and judiciously structured multimodal systems
will lead to the achievement of a sustainable logistics chain.
• The domain of trading markets: structuring and enabling a circular economy can be achieved
by optimizing the way products are designed, produced, sold, used and disposed of.

The transition to green manufacturing requires commitment, collaboration, and a willingness to
adapt to changing circumstances and technologies. By implementing these elements and
incorporating sustainability into your core business practices, you can make a positive impact
on the environment while also potentially benefiting from reduced costs and enhanced brand
reputation [11-13].

In general view, the green manufacturing is a next step of production processes, in which are
activated environmentally-friendly operations within the machining and forming fields, the
operators use fewer natural resources, are involved in the reduction of pollution and waste,
recycling and reuse of different type of raw materials and consumables, and keep under specific
limits the emissions in their processes [11-13]. To achieve these, the operators should be
specially trained in the fields of:

1. Sustainable (wind, biomass, geothermal, solar, ocean, hydropower, landfill gas and municipal
solid waste) and efficient (involvement of technologies and equipment which are lower
consumers) energy production and use.

2. Pollution reduction and removal, greenhouse gas reduction
3. Recycling

4. Conservation of natural resources.

Having improved structure, intelligent technologies, digital equipment and high-trained
personnel a manufacturing company could become a sustainable one (Fig. 3.5).

2 Deloitte: Sustainable manufacturing: From vision to action, 2021,
https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/ch/Documents/manufacturing/deloitte-ch-en-
sustainable-manufacturing-2021.pdf

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