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• External Consultants: Fees for hiring external consultants, specialists, or engineering firms
with expertise in retrofitting and automation.
• Training: Costs for training operators and maintenance personnel to work with the new
digital system and components.

5. Tooling and Fixturing

• Redesigned or New Tooling: The cost of redesigning or manufacturing new tooling, molds,
or fixtures to accommodate the retrofit.

6. Safety and Compliance

• Safety Upgrades: Costs associated with adding or upgrading safety features, such as sensors,
interlocks, guards, and safety-related components, to meet regulatory requirements.

7. Electrical and Wiring

• Wiring and Cabling: Expenses for rewiring or upgrading the electrical system to
accommodate new components and controls.
8. Communication and Connectivity

• Networking: Costs for implementing networking infrastructure, communication protocols,
and data connectivity.
• IIoT Integration: Expenses related to integrating Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)
capabilities for data collection and remote monitoring.
9. Documentation and Training

• Documentation: Costs for updating manuals, schematics, and documentation to reflect the
changes made during the retrofit.
• Training: Expenses for training personnel to operate, maintain, and troubleshoot the
retrofitted machine.

10. Downtime and Production Loss

• Potential revenue loss due to downtime during the retrofitting process, especially if the
machine is a critical part of production.
11. Unforeseen Costs

• Contingency: It's wise to include a contingency budget to account for unforeseen issues,
changes, or additional requirements that may arise during the retrofit.

It's important to carefully assess and budget for each of these cost considerations before
embarking on a retrofitting project. Working with experienced professionals and consultants
can help accurately estimate costs and ensure a successful retrofit that meets your objectives.

3.11 Training of personnel

Transitioning personnel from operating a traditional forming machine to a digital forming
machine involves imparting knowledge and skills related to new technologies, automation,
programming, and troubleshooting. The training curriculum should aim to equip operators and

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