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includes rebooting the computer before the webinar; this will speed up performance. Close all
other open programs, including browser tabs, except for the applications needed for the
webinar. Having different applications running in the background takes up space in the
computer’s processor and memory and could make the webinar run slow, noticeable when
playing the instructional video. If possible, connect directly to an Internet source. Additionally,
consider having a second computer available in case of a technical issue. Finally, educators
should not forget a glass of water nearby (but do not use ice, as it can clink in the glass

7.1.5 Evaluation

Evaluation is essential when deploying technological innovations, and it should have a holistic
approach. For webinars, students and educators should be part of the evaluation process. A
mixed-methods approach to data capture and analysis is desirable. For instance, assessing
knowledge construction is possible by incorporating higher-order thinking multiple-choice
questions at the end of the webinar on the topic delivered to gauge ‘actual knowledge’ achieved.
The students’ attitudes towards webinars can be measured via online surveys and possibly open-
ended questions. But to gain an in-depth understanding of the student experience, interviews
and focus groups will be a desirable approach. From the educator perspective, reflections and
semi-structured interviews will help to gain an understanding of the webinar experience. Data
can be put together by methodological triangulation (to find the critical aspects that require
improvement. Using the data in the next iteration will enhance the student learning
experience [5]

7.2 Microlearning Framework

Workers usually have difficulty combining training and their normal work. In this context, micro-
learning emerges as a suitable solution, since it is based on breaking down new concepts into
small fragments or pills of content, which can be consumed in short periods of time [6].

Continuous learning has become an increasing need in our society: the constant and rapid
evolution of knowledge requires workers to adapt to this new context to maintain their
productivity. Micro-learning comes into play to facilitate this process to potential learners by
breaking down new concepts into small fragments or pills of content, also called micro-content.
These small learning units are given to learners progressively and in a way that is suited to them.
The combination of several factors has stimulated the development and the positive reception
of the micro-learning paradigm. First, the human capacity to stay focused on a single item,
avoiding distraction and inattention, has decreased. Second, very quick changes in all areas,
especially in technology, have resulted in workers needing to update their training constantly.
Finally, traditional training is not proving to be a good method to train workers effectively and
efficiently.

Offering adequate environments that can be totally integrated into the working processes is not
an easy task, which usually results in high drop-out rates. This is clearly reflected in the use of
MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses) as a complement to daily work activity, with more than
90% of drop-outs in this context.

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