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choice of components depends on your budget, machining requirements, and the level of
automation desired for your CNC lathe.

Retrofitting a traditional lathe / milling machine into a CNC machine involves various costs,
including components, labour, and potential additional expenses. The total cost can vary
significantly based on factors such as the complexity of the retrofit, the quality of components,
and whether the work is done by own personnel or hiring professionals. A detailing of potential
costs is presented below:
1. Controller and Software

CNC Controller: Prices vary widely based on the controller's features and complexity. Budget
controllers for hobbyists might start around $200, while industrial-grade controllers could be
several thousand dollars.
Control Software: Some software options are free (e.g., LinuxCNC), while others may require
licensing fees.

2. Servo Motors or Stepper Motors

Motors: The cost depends on the motor type, power, and quality. For hobbyist setups, stepper
motors could start around $50, while industrial-grade servos might cost several hundred to over
a thousand dollars per motor.

3. Motion Control Cards

Motion Control Card: Prices range from $100 to $500, depending on the brand and features.

4. Linear Guides and Ball Screws
Linear Guides: Prices vary based on length and quality (from a few hundred to over a thousand
dollars per axis).

Ball Screws: Costs also vary based on length and quality. A set of ball screws could range from a
few hundred to several hundred dollars.

5. Encoders

Encoders: The cost depends on the resolution and quality. A plan for a few hundred dollars per
axis is considered realistic.
6. Tool Holders and Automatic Tool Changer (ATC)

Tool Holders: Prices vary based on type and quality. A basic tool holder could start around $20,
while more advanced holders might cost $100 or more.

ATC: Adding an ATC significantly increases costs. A basic manual ATC could start around $500,
while automated systems could run into thousands of dollars.
7. Spindle Control

Variable Frequency Drive (VFD): Costs depend on the spindle power and features. A VFD could
range from a few hundred to over a thousand dollars.

8. Coolant System
Coolant Pump and Accessories: A basic coolant system might cost around $100, while more
sophisticated systems could be a few hundred dollars.

Copyright © by DIGIGREEN All Rights Reserved Volume I – Chapter III: Digital and Green Machining and Forming 27